Scale References

Brooks, J. R., Flanagan, L. B., Buchmann, N. and Ehleringer, J. R. (1997). Carbon isotope composition of boreal plants: Functional grouping of life forms. Oecologia 110, 301-311.

Buchmann, N., Kao Wen, Y. and Ehleringer, J. (1997). Influence of stand structure on carbon-13 of vegetation, soils, and canopy air within deciduous and evergreen forests, in Utah, United States. Oecologia 110, 109-119.

Canadell, J., Jackson, R. B., Ehleringer, J. R., Mooney, H. A., Sala, O. E. and Schulze, E. D. (1996). Maximum rooting depth of vegetation types at the global scale. Oecologia 108, 583-594.

Comstock, J. P. and Ehleringer, J. R. (1992). Plant adaptation in the Great Basin and Colorado Plateau. Great Basin Naturalist 52, 195-215.

Donovan, L. A. and Ehleringer, J. R. (1991). Ecophysiological differences among juvenile and reproductive plants of several woody species. Oecologia 86, 594-597.

Donovan, L. A. and Ehleringer, J. R. (1992). Contrasting water-use patterns among size and life-history classes of a semi-arid shrub. Functional Ecology 6, 482-488.

Donovan, L. A. and Ehleringer, J. R. (1994a). Carbon isotope discrimination, water-use efficiency, growth and mortality in a natural shrub population. Oecologia 100, 347-354.

Donovan, L. A. and Ehleringer, J. R. (1994b). Potential for selection on plants for water-use efficiency as estimated by carbon isotope discrimination. American Journal of Botany 81, 927-935.

Donovan, L. A. and Ehleringer, J. R. (1994c). Water stress and use of summer precipitation in a Great Basin shrub community. Functional Ecology 8, 289-297.
Donovan, L. A., Mausberg, J. and Ehleringer, J., R. (1993). Seedling size and survival for Chrysothamnus nauseosus. Great Basin Naturalist 53, 237-245.

Ehleringer, J. R., Mooney, H. A., Rundel, P. W., Evans, R. D., Palma, B. and Delatorre, J. (1992a). Lack of nitrogen cycling in the Atacama Desert. Nature 359, 316-318.

Ehleringer, J. R., Phillips, S. L. and Comstock, J. P. (1992b). Seasonal variation in the carbon isotopic composition of desert plants. Functional Ecology 6, 396-404.

Ehleringer, J. R., Phillips, S. L., Schuster, W. S. F. and Sandquist, D. R. (1991). Differential utilization of summer rains by desert plants. Oecologia 88, 430-434.

Ehleringer, J. R., Rundel, P. W., Palma, B. and Mooney, H. A. (1998). Carbon isotope ratios of Atacama Desert plants reflect hyperaridity of region in northern Chile. Revista Chilena de Historia Natural 71, 79-86.

Ehleringer, J. R., Schwinning, S. and Gebauer, R. (2000). Water use in arid land ecosystems. In Physiological Plant Ecology (ed. M. C. Press, J. D. Scholes and M. G. Barker), pp. 347-365. Boston: Blackwell Science.

Evans, R. D. and Ehleringer, J. R. (1993). A break in the nitrogen cycle in arid lands? Evidence from nitrogen-15 of soils. Oecologia 94, 314-317.

Evans, R. D. and Ehleringer, J. R. (1994). Water and nitrogen dynamics in an arid woodland. Oecologia 99, 233-242.

Flanagan, L. B. and Ehleringer, J. R. (1998). Ecosystem-atmosphere CO2 exchange: Interpreting signals of change using stable isotope ratios. Trends in Ecology and Evolution 13, 10-14.

Gebauer, R. L. E. and Ehleringer, J. R. (2000). Water and nitrogen uptake patterns following moisture pulses in a cold desert community. Ecology 81, 1415-1424.

Jackson, R. B., Canadell, J., Ehleringer, J. R., Mooney, H. A., Sala, O. E. and Schulze, E. D. (1996). A global analysis of root distributions for terrestrial biomes. Oecologia 108, 389-411.

Lin, G., Phillips, S. L. and Ehleringer, J. R. (1996). Monsoonal precipitation responses of shrubs in a cold desert community on the Colorado Plateau. Oecologia 106, 8-17.

Nilsen, E. T., Sharifi, M. R., Rundel, P. W., Forseth, I. N. and Ehleringer, J. R. (1990). Water relations of stem succulent trees in north-central Baja California (Mexico). Oecologia 82, 299-303.

Phillips, S. L. and Ehleringer, J. R. (1995). Limited uptake of summer precipitation by bigtooth maple (Acer grandidentatum Nutt) and Gambel's oak (Quercus gambelii Nutt). Trees 9, 214-219.

Sandquist, D. R. and Ehleringer, J. R. (1995). Carbon isotope discrimination in the C-4 shrub Atriplex confertifolia along a salinity gradient. Great Basin Naturalist 55, 135-141.

Sandquist, D. R., Schuster, W. S. F., Donovan, L. A., Phillips, S. L. and Ehleringer, J. R. (1993). Differences in carbon isotope discrimination between seedlings and adults of southwestern desert perennial plants. Southwestern Naturalist 38, 212-217.

Schulze, E. D., Mooney, H. A., Sala, O. E., Jobbagy, E., Buchmann, N., Bauer, G., Canadell, J., Jackson, R. B., Loreti, J., Oesterheld, M. and Ehleringer, J. R. (1996). Rooting depth, water availability, and vegetation cover along an aridity gradient in Patagonia. Oecologia 108, 503-511.

Schuster, W. S. F., Phillips, S. L., Sandquist, D. R. and Ehleringer, J. R. (1992a). Heritability of carbon isotope discrimination in Gutierrezia microcephala (Asteraceae). American Journal of Botany 79, 216-221.
Schuster, W. S. F., Sandquist, D., R., Phillips, S. L. and Ehleringer, J. R. (1994a). High levels of genetic variation in populations of four dominant aridland plant species in Arizona. Journal of Arid Environments 27, 159-167.

Schuster, W. S. F., Sandquist, D. R., Phillips, S. L. and Ehleringer, J. R. (1992b). Comparisons of carbon isotope discrimination in populations of aridland plant species differing in lifespan. Oecologia 91, 332-337.

Schuster, W. S. F., Sandquist, D. R., Phillips, S. L. and Ehleringer, J. R. (1994b). High levels of genetic variation in populations of four dominant aridland plant species in Arizona. Journal of Arid Environments 27, 159-167.
Schwinning, S. and Ehleringer, J. R. (2001). Water use trade-offs and optimal adaptations to pulse-driven arid ecosystems. Journal of Ecology 89, 464-480.

Sparks, J. P. and Ehleringer, J. R. (1997). Leaf carbon isotope discrimination and nitrogen content for riparian trees along elevational transects. Oecologia 109, 362-367.

Thorburn, P. J. and Ehleringer, J. R. (1995). Root water uptake of field-growing plants indicated by measurements of natural-abundance deuterium. Plant and Soil 177, 225-233.

Williams, D. G. and Ehleringer, J. R. (1996). Carbon isotope discrimination in three semi-arid woodland species along a monsoon gradient. Oecologia 106, 455-460.

Williams, D. G. and Ehleringer, J. R. (2000). Intra- and interspecific variation for summer precipitation use in pinyon-juniper woodlands. Ecological Monographs 70, 517-537.